5G NR operates across two defined frequency ranges that serve fundamentally different deployment roles. Frequency Range 1 spans 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz and provides wide-area coverage with channel bandwidths up to 100 MHz per carrier, supporting cell radii from one to ten kilometers depending on band and environment. Frequency Range 2 covers 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz and delivers massive bandwidth of up to 400 MHz per component carrier, but propagation losses at millimeter-wave frequencies limit practical cell radii to roughly 100 to 300 meters.